Distribution of Bacterial Disease in the Main Mango Production Areas of Côte d'Ivoire
Brou Kouassi Guy *
Unité de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) des Sciences Biologiques, Département Biologie Végétale, Université Peleforo GON COULIBALY (UPGC). BP 1328 Korhogo, Côte d’Ivoire.
Doumbouya Mohamed
Unité de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) des Sciences Biologiques, Département Biologie Végétale, Université Peleforo GON COULIBALY (UPGC). BP 1328 Korhogo, Côte d’Ivoire.
Oro Zokou Franck
Unité de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) des Sciences Biologiques, Département Biologie Végétale, Université Peleforo GON COULIBALY (UPGC). BP 1328 Korhogo, Côte d’Ivoire.
Doga Dabé
Station de Recherche de Lataha, Programme Anacarde, Mangue et Papaye, Centre National de Recherche Agronomique (CNRA), 01 BP 1740 Abidjan 01, Côte d’Ivoire.
Yapo N'guéssan Patrick
Unité de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) des Sciences Biologiques, Département Biologie Végétale, Université Peleforo GON COULIBALY (UPGC). BP 1328 Korhogo, Côte d’Ivoire.
Kouassi Koffi II Nazaire
Unité de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) Biosciences, Programme West African Virus Epidemiology (WAVE), Université Félix Houphouët Boigny, 01 BPV 34 Abidjan 01, ex-Directeur du Laboratoire Central de Biotechnologie, Centre National de Recherche Agronomique (CNRA), 01 BP 1740 Abidjan 01, Côte d’Ivoire.
Dogbo Denezon Odette
Unité de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) des Sciences Naturelles, Laboratoire de Physiologie Végétale, Université Nangui Abrogoua, 02 BP 801Abidjan 02, Côte d’Ivoire.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Bacterial disease is a major biotic constraints of mango production in Côte d'Ivoire. The objective of this study is to assess the distribution of mango bacteriosis disease in mango production areas in northern Côte d'Ivoire. This study focused on 720 mango trees, of the Kent variety, spread over 20 orchards. These orchards are located in the Bagoué, Tchologo and Poro regions in northern Côte d'Ivoire. The study consisted of determining the incidence and severity of bacterial disease on the leaves and fruits of mango trees. Data on the incidence and severity index of bacterial disease on leaves and fruits were subjected to descriptive analysis followed by PCA. Then, the ascending hierarchical classification (CAH) and multivariate analysis completed the data analysis. The results obtained did not reveal any dissimilarity of the presence of the bacterial disease in the three (3) regions studied. On the other hand, a predominance of the severe or major type of bacterial disease over the level of slight or marginal contamination has been demonstrated. None of the three main regions (Poro, Tchologo and Bagoué) of mango production in Côte d'Ivoire appears to be the center of bacterial disease dispersion at the current stage of bacterial disease progression. The level of incidence and severity of this disease is similar between fruits and leaves. The Principal Component Analysis and the Ascending Hierachical Classification completed by the MANOVA made it possible to structure the mango orchards into three (3) homogeneous groups. Group 2 orchards (VB4, VB8, VB7 and VF2) presented a moderate level of incidence and severity on leaves and fruits.
Keywords: Mango tree, bacterial disease, spatiale distribution, tchologo, Bagoué, Poro, Ivory Coast